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Table 3 Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of emotional symptoms according to negative life events and mental health literacy

From: Negative life events, inadequate mental health literacy, and emotional symptoms among Chinese college students: a school-based longitudinal prospective study

Variable

Depressive symptoms

Anxiety symptoms

Stress symptoms

n (%)

Crude RR (95%CI)

Adjusted RR (95%CI)a

n (%)

Crude RR (95%CI)

Adjusted RR (95%CI)b

n (%)

Crude RR (95%CI)

Adjusted RR (95%CI)c

NLE

         

 Low

190 (12.3)

1.000

1.000

242 (15.7)

1.000

1.000

47 (3.0)

1.000

1.000

 High

330 (18.0)

1.558 (1.280–1.897)***

1.568 (1.282–1.918)***

389 (23.3)

1.631 (1.365–1.949)***

1.603 (1.338–1.919)***

89 (5.3)

1.791 (1.249–2.568)**

1.717 (1.194–2.470)**

MHL

         

 Adequate

132 (12.8)

1.000

1.000

169 (16.4)

1.000

1.000

42 (4.1)

1.000

1.000

 Inadequate

358 (16.4)

1.332 (1.075–1.652)**

1.286 (1.035–1.597)*

462 (21.2)

1.365 (1.124–1.658)**

1.343 (1.105–1.632)**

94 (4.3)

1.057 (0.729–1.532)

1.034 (0.712–1.501)

Combination of NLE and MHL

         

 Low NLE and adequate MHL

40 (8.2)

1.000

1.000

55 (11.2)

1.000

1.000

11 (2.2)

1.000

1.000

 Low NLE and Inadequate MHL

150 (14.3)

1.867 (1.294–2.694)**

1.804 (1.249–2.606)**

187 (17.8)

1.706 (1.236–2.354)**

1.690 (1.224–2.334)**

36 (3.4)

1.540 (0.777–3.051)

1.506 (0.760–2.988)

 High NLE and adequate MHL

92 (17.1)

2.310 (1.559–3.425)***

2.342 (1.575–3.484)***

114 (21.2)

2.117 (1.494–2.999)***

2.096 (1.477–2.975)***

31 (5.8)

2.652 (1.318–5.335)**

2.533 (1.256–5.106)**

 High NLE and Inadequate MHL

208 (18.4)

2.352 (1.773–3.618)***

2.447 (1.709–3.504)***

275 (24.3)

2.538 (1.858–3.466)***

2.466 (1.802–3.375)***

58 (5.1)

2.351 (1.223–4.519)*

2.210 (1.163–2.619)**

  1. Note. NLE is Negative life events; MHL is Mental health literacy. RR is relative risk; CI is confidence interval. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 compared with reference
  2. a Adjusted for gender, self-reported family economy, and drinking
  3. b Adjusted for gender, self-reported family economy, smoking and drinking
  4. c Adjusted for gender, self-reported family economy, and drinking